Topics matching multipart/form data


POST (HTTP)

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POST (HTTP)

In computing, POST is a request method supported by HTTP used by the World Wide Web. By design, the POST request method requests that a web server accepts the data enclosed in the body of the request message, most likely for storing it.[1] It is often used when uploading a file or when submitting a completed web form. In contrast, the HTTP GET request method retrieves information from the server. As part of a GET request, some data can be passed within the URL's query string, specifying (for example) search terms, date ranges, or other information that defines the query. As part of a POST request, an arbitrary amount of data of any type can be sent to the server in the body of the request message. A header field in the POST request usually indicates the message body's Internet media type. Posting data The World Wide Web and HTTP are based on a number of request methods or 'verbs', including POST and GET as well as PUT, DELETE, and several others. Web browsers normally use only GET and POST, but RESTful on

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Hypertext Transfer Protocol

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MIME

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MIME

Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) is an Internet standard that extends the format of email to support: Text in character sets other than ASCII Non-text attachments: audio, video, images, application programs etc. Message bodies with multiple parts Header information in non-ASCII character sets Virtually all human-written Internet email and a fairly large proportion of automated email is transmitted via SMTP in MIME format. MIME is specified in six linked RFC memoranda: RFC 2045, RFC 2046, RFC 2047, RFC 4288, RFC 4289 and RFC 2049; with the integration with SMTP email specified in detail in RFC 1521 and RFC 1522. Although MIME was designed mainly for SMTP, the content types defined by MIME standards are also of importance in communication protocols outside of email, such as HTTP for the World Wide Web. Servers insert the MIME header at the beginning of any Web transmission. Clients use this content type or media type header to select an appropriate viewer application for the type o

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Mime

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Presentation layer protocols

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Email

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Media type

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Media type

A media type (formerly known as MIME type)[1] is a two-part identifier for file formats and format contents transmitted on the Internet. The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is the official authority for the standardization and publication of these classifications. Media types were originally defined in Request for Comments 2045 in November 1996 as a part of MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions) specification, for denoting type of email message content and attachments;[2] hence the original name, MIME type. Media types are also used by other internet protocols such as HTTP[3] and document file formats such as HTML,[4] for similar purpose. Naming A media type consists of a type and a subtype, which is further structured into a tree. A media type can optionally define a suffix and parameters: type "/" [tree "."] subtype ["+" suffix] *[";" parameter] The currently registered types are: application, audio, example, font, image, message, model, multipart, text and video. An unofficial top-leve

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Internet architecture

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Mime

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Metadata

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Curl-loader

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Curl-loader

curl-loader is an open-source software performance testing tool written in the C programming language. Features curl-loader is capable of simulating application behavior of hundreds of thousands of HTTP/HTTPS and FTP/FTPS clients, each with its own source IP-address. In contrast to other tools, curl-loader is using real C-written client protocol stacks, namely, HTTP and FTP stacks of libcurl and TLS/SSL of openssl, and simulates user behavior with support for login and authentication flavors. The major features are: Running up to 2500-100,000 and more virtual loading clients, all from a single curl-loader process. Actual number of virtual clients may be several times higher being limited mainly by memory. Each virtual client loads traffic from its "personal" source IP-address, or from the "common" IP-address shared by all clients, or from the IP-addresses shared by some clients where a limited set of shared IP-addresses can be used by a batch of clients. Rampup of the virtual clients number at loading s

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Load testing tools

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Form (HTML)

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Form (HTML)

A webform, web form or HTML form on a web page allows a user to enter data that is sent to a server for processing. Forms can resemble paper or database forms because web users fill out the forms using checkboxes, radio buttons, or text fields. For example, forms can be used to enter shipping or credit card data to order a product, or can be used to retrieve search results from a search engine. Description Sample form. The form is enclosed in an HTML table for visual layout. Forms are enclosed in the HTML form tag. This tag specifies the communication endpoint the data entered into the form should be submitted to, and the method of submitting the data, GET or POST. Elements Forms can be made up of standard graphical user interface elements: text — a simple text box that allows input of a single line of text. email - a type of text that requires a partially validated email address number - a type of text that requires a number password — similar to text, it is used for security purposes, in which t

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HTML tags

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HTML

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World Wide Web

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XMLHttpRequest

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XMLHttpRequest

XMLHttpRequest (XHR) is an API in the form of an object whose methods transfer data between a web browser and a web server. The object is provided by the browser's JavaScript environment. Particularly, retrieval of data from XHR for the purpose of continually modifying a loaded web page is the underlying concept of Ajax design. Despite the name, XHR can be used with protocols other than HTTP and data can be in the form of not only XML,[1] but also JSON,[2] HTML or plain text.[3] WHATWG maintains an XHR standard as a living document. Ongoing work at the W3C to create a stable specification is based on snapshots of the WHATWG standard. History The concept behind the XMLHttpRequest object was originally created by the developers of Outlook Web Access (by Microsoft) for Microsoft Exchange Server 2000.[4] An interface called IXMLHTTPRequest was developed and implemented into the second version of the MSXML library using this concept.[4][5] The second version of the MSXML library was shipped with Internet Explor

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Web standards

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2000 software

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Computer-related introductions in 2000

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Inter-protocol exploitation

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Inter-protocol exploitation

Inter-protocol exploitation is a class of security vulnerabilities that takes advantage of interactions between two communication protocols,[1] for example the protocols used in the Internet. It is commonly discussed in the context of the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP).[2] This attack uses the potential of the two different protocols meaningfully communicating commands and data. It was popularized in 2007 and publicly described in research[3] of the same year. The general class of attacks that it refers to has been known since at least 1994 (see the Security Considerations section of RFC 1738). Internet protocol implementations allow for the possibility of encapsulating exploit code to compromise a remote program which uses a different protocol. Inter-protocol exploitation can utilize inter-protocol communication to establish the preconditions for launching an inter-protocol exploit. For example, this process could negotiate the initial authentication communication for a vulnerability in password parsin

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Injection exploits

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Secure communication

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Computer security

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XForms

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XForms

XForms is an XML format used for collecting inputs from web forms. XForms was designed to be the next generation of HTML / XHTML forms, but is generic enough that it can also be used in a standalone manner or with presentation languages other than XHTML to describe a user interface and a set of common data manipulation tasks. XForms 1.0 (Third Edition) was published on 29 October 2007. The original XForms specification became an official W3C Recommendation on 14 October 2003, while XForms 1.1, which introduced a number of improvements, reached the same status on 20 October 2009. Differences from web forms In contrast to the original web forms (originally defined in HTML), the creators of XForms have used a model–view–controller (MVC) approach. The model consists of one or more XForms models describing form data, constraints upon that data, and submissions. The view describes what controls appear in the form, how they are grouped together, and what data they are bound to. CSS can be used to describe a form'

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User interface markup languages

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XML-based standards

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World Wide Web Consortium standards

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S/MIME

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S/MIME

S/MIME (Secure/Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions) is a standard for public key encryption and signing of MIME data. S/MIME is on an IETF standards track and defined in a number of documents, most importantly RFC 3369, 3370, 3850 and 3851. It was originally developed by RSA Data Security and the original specification used the IETF MIME specification[1] with the de facto industry standard PKCS#7 secure message format. Change control to S/MIME has since been vested in the IETF and the specification is now layered on Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS), an IETF specification that is identical in most respects with PKCS #7. S/MIME functionality is built into the majority of modern email software and interoperates between them. Since it is built on CMS, MIME can also hold an advanced electronic signature. Function S/MIME provides the following cryptographic security services for electronic messaging applications: Authentication Message integrity Non-repudiation of origin (using digital signatures) Priva

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Mime

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Email authentication

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Computer security standards

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JavaMail

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JavaMail

JavaMail is a Java API used to send and receive email via SMTP, POP3 and IMAP. JavaMail is built into the Java EE platform, but also provides an optional package for use in Java SE.[1] The current version is 1.6.2, released in August 2018. Another open source JavaMail implementation exists - GNU JavaMail - while supporting only version 1.3 of JavaMail specification, it provides the only free NNTP backend, which makes it possible to use this technology to read and send news group articles. As of 2019, the software is known as Jakarta Mail, and is part of the Jakarta EE brand (formerly known as Java EE). Licensing Jakarta Mail is hosted as an open source project on Eclipse.org under its new name Jakarta Mail.[2] Most of the Jakarta Mail source code is licensed under the following licences: EPL-2.0 GPL-2.0 with Classpath Exception license The source code for the demo programs is licensed under the BSD license Examples import java.util.*; import javax.mail.*; import javax.mail.internet.*; import java

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Java platform

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Email

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Continuous stationery

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Continuous stationery

Continuous form paper sheet Continuous stationery (UK) or continuous form paper (US) is paper which is designed for use with dot-matrix and line printers with appropriate paper-feed mechanisms. Other names include fan-fold paper, sprocket-feed paper, burst paper, lineflow (New Zealand), tractor-feed paper, and pin-feed paper. It can be single-ply (usually woodfree uncoated paper) or multi-ply (either with carbon paper between the paper layers, or multiple layers of carbonless copy paper), often described as multipart stationery or forms. Continuous stationery is often used when the final print medium is less critical in terms of the appearance at the edges, and when continuously connected individual sheets are not inconvenient for the application. Individual sheets can be separated at the perforation (leaving a slight serration), and sheets also have edges with punched holes, which also can be removed at the perforation (one typical format). Shape and form Most continuous form paper is punched longitudinal

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Stationery

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Computer printers

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Paper products

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Carbonless copy paper

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Carbonless copy paper

Carbonless copy paper Carbonless copy paper (CCP), non-carbon copy paper, or NCR paper (No Carbon Required, taken from the initials of its creator, National Cash Register) is a type of coated paper designed to transfer information written on the front onto sheets beneath. It was developed by chemists Lowell Schleicher and Barry Green,[1] as an alternative to carbon paper and is sometimes misidentified as such. Instead of inserting a special sheet in between the original and the intended copy, carbonless copy paper has micro-encapsulated dye or ink on the back side of the top sheet, and a clay coating on the front side of the bottom sheet. When pressure is applied (from writing or impact printing), the dye capsules rupture and react with the clay to form a permanent mark duplicating the markings made to the top sheet. Intermediary sheets, with clay on the front and dye capsules on the back, can be used to create multiple copies; this may be referred to as multipart stationery. Operation Carbonless copy pap

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American inventions

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NCR products

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Paper

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Multipart

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Multipart

Look up multipart in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Multipart may refer to: a multipart message in the MIME internet format Multipart Solutions, a British parts and components supplier multipart download or download acceleration



HTML email

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HTML email

HTML email is the use of a subset of HTML to provide formatting and semantic markup capabilities in email that are not available with plain text:[1] Text can be linked without displaying a URL, or breaking long URLs into multiple pieces. Text is wrapped to fit the width of the viewing window, rather than uniformly breaking each line at 78 characters (defined in RFC 5322, which was necessary on older text terminals). It allows in-line inclusion of images, tables, as well as diagrams or mathematical formulae as images, which are otherwise difficult to convey (typically using ASCII art). Adoption Most graphical email clients support HTML email, and many default to it. Many of these clients include both a GUI editor for composing HTML emails and a rendering engine for displaying received HTML emails. Since its conception, a number of people have vocally opposed all HTML email (and even MIME itself), for a variety of reasons.[2] For instance, the ASCII Ribbon Campaign advocated that all email should be sent in

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HTML

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Email

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Internet terminology

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TVS Group

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TVS Group

TVS is one of India's largest diversified industrial conglomerates with its principal headquarters located in Madurai and international headquarters in Chennai. It has a presence in 129 countries with 73 holding group companies. The largest and most visible subsidiary is TVS Motor Company, the third-largest two-wheeler and three-wheeler manufacturer in India. TVS Group, with group revenues of more than US$7.2 billion, is an automotive conglomerate company, specialising in the manufacturing of two-wheelers, three-wheelers, auto-components, hardware electronics, high tensile fasteners, die casting products, brakes, wheels, tyres, axles, seating systems, corrosion management, fuel injection components, electronic and electrical components and many more. It also owns vehicle dealerships. History From its beginnings at the turn of the 20th century, TVS Group has grown to become the largest manufacturer and distributor of auto components in India. T V Sundram Iyengar and Sons Private Limited is the holding compan

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Companies based in Tamil Nadu

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Conglomerate companies of India

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EFAIL

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EFAIL

The announcing team's logo for the vulnerability, metaphorically representing plaintext leaking out of an encryption 'envelope'. Efail, also written EFAIL, is a security hole in email systems with which content can be transmitted in encrypted form. This gap allows attackers to access the decrypted content of an email if it contains active content like HTML[1] or JavaScript, or if loading of external content has been enabled in the client. Affected email clients include Gmail, Apple Mail, and Microsoft Outlook.[1] Two related Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures IDs, CVE-2017-17688 and CVE-2017-17689, have been issued. The security gap was made public on 13 May 2018 by Damian Poddebniak, Christian Dresen, Jens Müller, Fabian Ising, Sebastian Schinzel, Simon Friedberger, Juraj Somorovsky and Jörg Schwenk as part of a contribution to the 27th USENIX Security Symposium, Baltimore, August 2018. As a result of the vulnerability, the content of an attacked encrypted email can be transmitted to the attacker in pla

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Computer security exploits

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Email hacking

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JavaBeans Activation Framework

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JavaBeans Activation Framework

In computer programming, JavaBeans Activation Framework, or JAF, enables developers to:[1] determine the type of an arbitrary piece of data, encapsulate access to it, discover the operations available on it and to instantiate the appropriate bean to perform the operation(s). It also enables developers to dynamically register types of arbitrary data and actions associated with particular kinds of data. Additionally, it enables a program to dynamically provide or retrieve JavaBeans that implement actions associated with some kind of data. JSR-925 Latest spec version is 1.1 It's an old spec released on April 2006 It's originally an extension API Now available as a standard API in Java SE and Java EE, was remove from Java SE 11 Has only one package javax.activation (4 interfaces, 13 classes) Datasource Interface Provides access to an arbitrary collection of data Get name of the data, data-type name (content type), and the data itself as Input Stream or Output Stream Two implementation class

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Java (programming language)

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Email digest

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Email digest

An email digest is an email that is automatically generated by an electronic mailing list and which combines all exchanged emails during a time period (e.g. day, week, month, etc.) or when a volume limit is reached (e.g. every 10 or 100 messages) into one single message. Email digests are currently available as an opt-in feature in electronic mailing list systems such as GNU Mailman or LISTSERV. It is called an abridged summary in Google Groups. Other systems than mailing lists implement such a feature. YouTube compiles all the communications to users within a time period into a single email.[1] Technically, the MIME Multipart subtype Multipart/digest as defined in RFC 2046, Section 5.1.5, is a simple way to separate messages and send collections of messages within one single message. See also LISTSERV email list management software Electronic mailing list GNU Mailman Google Groups References "How can I receive email digests?".

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Electronic mailing lists

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Email

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List of open formats

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List of open formats

An open format is a file format for storing digital data, defined by a published specification usually maintained by a standards organization, and which can be used and implemented by anyone. For example, an open format can be implemented by both proprietary and free and open source software, using the typical software licenses used by each. In contrast to open formats, closed formats are considered trade secrets. Open formats are also called free file formats if they are not encumbered by any copyrights, patents, trademarks or other restrictions (for example, if they are in the public domain) so that anyone may use them at no monetary cost for any desired purpose.[1] Open formats (in alphabetical order) include: Multimedia Imaging APNG — It allows for animated PNG files that work similarly to animated GIF files. AVIF — An image format using AV1 compression. FLIF — Free Lossless Image Format. GBR – a 2D binary vector image file format, the de facto standard in the printed circuit board (PCB) indust

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Computer file formats

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Open standards

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Computing-related lists

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Albanian iso-polyphony

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Albanian iso-polyphony

Albanian iso-polyphony is a traditional part of Albanian folk music and, as such, is included in UNESCO's intangible cultural heritage list.[1] All four regions of southern Albania—Lalëria (Myzeqe), Toskëria, Çamëria, and Labëria—have polyphonic song as part of their culture. A related form of polyphonic singing is found in northern Albania, in the area of Peshkopi; Polog, Tetovo, Kičevo and Gostivar in Macedonia; and Malësia in northern Albania and southern Montenegro.[2] Labëria is particular well-known for multipart singing; songs can have two, three, or four parts. Two-part songs are sung only by women. Three-part songs can be sung by men and women. Four part songs are a Labërian specialty. Research has shown that four-part songs developed after three-part ones, and that they are the most complex form of polyphonic singing.[3] The Gjirokastër National Folklore Festival, Albania, (Albanian: Festivali Folklorik Kombëtar), has been held every five years in the month of October since 1968, and it typically

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Polyphonic singing

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Albanian music

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Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity

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Warworld

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Warworld

Warworld is a fictional artificial planet published in several stories by DC Comics, most of which feature Superman. It first appeared in DC Comics Presents #27 (November 1980), and was created by Len Wein and Jim Starlin. History Warworld was created by a very warlike alien race called the Warzoons, as their ultimate weapon. However, all the Warzoons died off mysteriously, and the last one was found dead at the planet's control chair by the Largas, an extremely peaceful alien race. The Largas buried him, then kept the key-like device that could activate Warworld hidden. But the Largas also died out over time, and the last one gave the key to the Martian race, who had once been devastated by a war, for safekeeping before dying. The space villain Mongul (introduced in this story) kidnaps three of Superman's friends in order to force him to retrieve the key for him. Despite help from the Martian Manhunter, Mongul escaped with the key. He activated Warworld and sat at the control chair, which through a direct

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DC Comics planets

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DC Comics objects

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Fictional spacecraft

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Digest

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Digest

Look up digest in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Digest may refer to: In biology: Digestion of food Restriction digest In literature or publication: The Digest, formerly the English and Empire Digest Digest size magazine format Digest (Roman law), also known as Pandects, a digest of Roman law In computer science or electronic security: Digest, a MIME Multipart Subtype Digest access authentication Digital Geographic Exchange Standard Email digest Message digest or hash algorithm (in cryptography) Other uses: trade name of the drug Lansoprazole See also Digester (disambiguation) Publications The Literary Digest Architectural Digest Writer's Digest Reader's Digest Baseball Digest Gun Digest Golf Digest Consumers Digest Inventors Digest Football Digest



Simple Mail Transfer Protocol

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Simple Mail Transfer Protocol

The Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) is a communication protocol for electronic mail transmission. As an Internet standard, SMTP was first defined in 1982 by RFC 821, and updated in 2008 by RFC 5321 to Extended SMTP additions, which is the protocol variety in widespread use today. Mail servers and other message transfer agents use SMTP to send and receive mail messages. Proprietary systems such as Microsoft Exchange and IBM Notes and webmail systems such as Outlook.com, Gmail and Yahoo! Mail may use non-standard protocols internally, but all use SMTP when sending to or receiving email from outside their own systems. SMTP servers commonly use the Transmission Control Protocol on port number 25. User-level email clients typically use SMTP only for sending messages to a mail server for relaying, typically submit outgoing email to the mail server on port 587 or 465 as per RFC 8314. For retrieving messages, IMAP and POP3 are standard, but proprietary servers also often implement proprietary protocols, e.g., E

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Email

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Application layer protocols

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Internet mail protocols

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Bounce message

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Bounce message

A bounce message or just "bounce" is an automated message from an email system, informing the sender of a previous message that message had not been delivered (or some other delivery problem occurred). The original message is said to have "bounced". More formal terms for bounce message include "Non-Delivery Report" or "Non-Delivery Receipt" (NDR), [Failed] "Delivery Status Notification" (DSN) message, or a "Non-Delivery Notification" (NDN). Delivery errors Errors may occur at multiple places in mail delivery. A sender may sometimes receive a bounce message from their own mail server, reporting that it has been unable to send a message, or alternatively from a recipient's mail server reporting that although it had accepted the message, it is unable to deliver it to the specified user. When a server accepts a message for delivery, it is also accepting the responsibility to deliver a bounce message in the event that delivery fails. Bounce due to lack of disk space When an e-mail arrives at the destination se

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Email authentication

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Internet Standards

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Email

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Multipart Solutions

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Multipart Solutions

TVS Supply Chain Solutions is a firm that supplies spare parts and components to customers in the automotive, defence and utility sectors in the United Kingdom , Europe and the US. The company is split into two divisions: TVS Supply Chain Solutions and TVS Defence. TVS's major customers include; LDV, Isuzu, Modec and Dennis Eagle in the automotive sector; BAE Systems, MBDA and the Ministry of Defence in the defence sector; and Anglian Water. History TVS Supply Chain Solutions can find its origins in the Leyland Motors company. In 1914 the company opened a new works on Pilling Lane in Chorley to manufacture Fire Appliances. In 1919 the company formed the First Parts Stores at Chorley; the beginnings of Multipart. In 1980 the British Leyland subsidiary Leyland Vehicles launched the Multipart brand as the All Makes Truck, Van & Bus parts range. In 1993 after the collapse of Leyland DAF the Multipart division, along with the Chorley site, was acquired in a management buyout. Two years later the firm was

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Companies based in Chorley

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Companies started in 1993

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P45 (tax)

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P45 (tax)

In the United Kingdom and, until 1 January 2019 in the Republic of Ireland, a P45 is the reference code of a form titled Details of employee leaving work. The term is used in British slang and Irish slang as a metonym for termination of employment. (The equivalent slang term in the United States is pink slip.) A P45 is issued by the employer when an employee leaves.[1][2] It is a multipart form. In the United Kingdom In the UK, the front section, Part 1, is given by the old employer to HM Revenue and Customs, who then record the pay and tax details on to the individual's taxpayer record. Part 1A is to be retained by the employee, Part 2 retained by the new employer, and Part 3 taken by the new employer and sent to their tax office. The P45 contains details of earnings and tax paid during the tax year (tax paid in previous years is detailed on the P60 for that year). The "P" code refers to documents in the PAYE series, in the same way that self-assessment documents are prefixed "SA" (e.g., SA100 - Individu

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Taxation in the Republic of Ireland

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Tax forms

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Irish slang

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Push Access Protocol

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Push Access Protocol

Push Access Protocol (or PAP) is a protocol defined in WAP-164 of the Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) suite from the Open Mobile Alliance. PAP is used for communicating with the Push Proxy Gateway, which is usually part of a WAP Gateway. PAP is intended for use in delivering content from Push Initiators to Push Proxy Gateways for subsequent delivery to narrow band devices, including mobile phones and pagers. Example messages include news, stock quotes, weather, traffic reports, and notification of events such as email arrival. With Push functionality, users are able to receive information without having to request it. In many cases it is important for the user to get the information as soon as it is available. The Push Access Protocol is not intended for use over the air. PAP is designed to be independent of the underlying transport protocol. PAP specifies the following possible operations between the Push Initiator and the Push Proxy Gateway: Submit a Push Cancel a Push Query for status of a Push

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Wireless Application Protocol

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Push technology

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Wireless networking

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The New York Times Magazine

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The New York Times Magazine

The New York Times Magazine is a Sunday magazine supplement included with the Sunday edition of The New York Times. It is host to feature articles longer than those typically in the newspaper and has attracted many notable contributors. The magazine is also noted for its photography, especially relating to fashion and style. The magazine also includes various puzzles, which have been popular features since their introduction. History Its first issue was published on September 6, 1896, and contained the first photographs ever printed in the newspaper.[3] In the early decades it was a section of the broadsheet paper and not an insert as it is today. The creation of a "serious" Sunday magazine was part of a massive overhaul of the newspaper instigated that year by its new owner, Adolph Ochs, who also banned fiction, comic strips and gossip columns from the paper, and is generally credited with saving The New York Times from financial ruin.[4] In 1897, the magazine published a 16-page spread of photographs doc

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Started in 1896 in New York (state)

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The New York Times Magazine

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Magazines published in New York City

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The Burning Plain

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The Burning Plain

The Burning Plain is a 2008 drama film directed and written by Guillermo Arriaga, the screenwriter of Amores perros (2000), 21 Grams (2003), and Babel (2006). The film stars Charlize Theron, Jennifer Lawrence, Kim Basinger and Joaquim de Almeida. In Arriaga's directorial debut, he films a story that has multipart story strands woven together as in his previous screenplays. Filming of The Burning Plain began in New Mexico in November 2007, and the film was released in late 2008 in various festivals, before a limited theatrical release in 2009. The film was a critical and commercial failure. Plot Typical of Arriaga's works, this film is told in a nonlinear narrative, where events are revealed out of sequence. The following plot summary is in chronological order, thus does not reflect the exact sequence of the events as seen on screen. The story starts some time during the mid-1990s in a small town near Las Cruces, New Mexico (close to the border with Mexico), where Gina (Kim Basinger), a wife and mother to f

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American nonlinear narrative films

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MHTML

topic

MHTML

MHTML, an initialism of MIME encapsulation of aggregate HTML documents, is a web page archive format used to combine, in a single computer file, the HTML code and its companion resources (such as images, Flash animations, Java applets, and audio and video files) that are represented by external hyperlinks in the web page's HTML code. The content of an MHTML file is encoded using the same techniques that were first developed for HTML email messages, using the MIME content type multipart/related.[1] MHTML files use a .mhtml or .mht filename extension. The first part of the file is an e-mail header. The second part is normally HTML code. Subsequent parts are additional resources identified by their original uniform resource locators (URLs) and encoded in base64 binary-to-text encoding. MHTML was proposed as an open standard, then circulated in a revised edition in 1999 as RFC 2557. The .mhtml (Web archive) and .eml (email) filename extensions are interchangeable: either filename extension can be changed from o

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Stationery

topic

Stationery

Inside of a stationery shop in Hanoi A picture of a stationery shop on November 4, 1973, Iran Stationery is a mass noun referring to commercially manufactured writing materials, including cut paper, envelopes, writing implements, continuous form paper, and other office supplies.[1] Stationery includes materials to be written on by hand (e.g., letter paper) or by equipment such as computer printers. History of stationery Originally the term stationery referred to all products sold by a stationer, whose name indicated that his book shop was on a fixed spot, usually near a university, and permanent, while medieval trading was mainly carried on by itinerant peddlers (including chapmen, who sold books) and others (such as farmers and craftsmen) at markets and fairs. It was a special term used between the 13th and 15th centuries in the manuscript culture. The Stationers' Company formerly held a monopoly over the publishing industry in England and was responsible for copyright regulations. Uses of stationer

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This Was a Man (Jeffrey Archer)

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This Was a Man (Jeffrey Archer)

This Was a Man is the seventh and final novel in Jeffrey Archer's Clifton Chronicles. This series follows the events of the fictitious Clifton and Barrington families, starting in the 1920s and ending in 1992. Plot This Was a Man continues the story of the Clifton family. It starts with the readers to believe Karin has been executed by her Russian handler after being found out as a double agent. Harry sets out to write his literary masterpiece. The Barrington shipping empire is sold and Emma ends up helping the government of Margaret Thatcher and joins Giles in the House of Lords. Sebastian gets promoted to run the banking business in which he has worked for years. His daughter Jessica does well as an art student, but nearly loses all in a disastrous change of course. Giles has a very successful career in the Lords, only to see his future dashed. And Lady Virginia still gets into and out of one mess after another through her schemes. As with the other books in this series this book contains many unexpected

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Novels by Jeffrey Archer

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2016 British novels

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Dot matrix printing

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Dot matrix printing

A dot matrix printer The word "Delivery" as output in a bold, large font by a dot matrix receipt printer, as seen under a low-powered microscope. Dot matrix printing,[1] sometimes called impact matrix printing, is the process of computer printing from a collection of dot matrix data to a device, which can be one of: Impact dot matrix printers non-impact dot matrix printers, such as inkjet, thermal, or laser printers. Impact dot matrix printing uses a print head that moves back-and-forth, or in an up-and-down motion, on the page and prints by impact, striking an ink-soaked cloth ribbon against the paper, much like the print mechanism on a typewriter. However, unlike a typewriter or daisy wheel printer, letters are drawn out of a dot matrix, and thus, varied fonts and arbitrary graphics can be produced. These printers can print on multi-part (carbon or carbonless paper) forms[2] since they print using mechanical pressure. The alternative to dot matrix printing is sometimes known as a letter-quality p

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Telegraphy

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History of telecommunications

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Polyphonic song of Epirus

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Polyphonic song of Epirus

The polyphonic song of Epirus is a form of traditional folk polyphony practiced among Albanians, Aromanians, Greeks and Macedonian Slavs in southern Albania and northwestern Greece.[1][2] The polyphonic song of Epirus is not to be confused with other varieties of polyphonic singing, such as the yodeling songs of the region of Muotatal, or the Cantu a tenore of Sardinia.[3] Polyphonic Music in Greece and Albania In Greece Greek polyphonic group from Dropull wearing skoufos and fustanella Among Greeks, polyphonic song is found in the northern part of the Greek region of Ioannina;[4][5] in Ano Pogoni, (Ktismata, Dolo, Parakalamos) and some villages north of Konitsa), as well as in very few villages in northeastern Thesprotia (Tsamantas, Lias, Vavouri, Povla).[6] Among the Greek minorities in southern Albania (Northern Epirus),[7] polyphonic singing is performed in the regions of Dropull, Pogon (Kato Pogoni) (Poliçan) and the cities of Delvinë, Himara, Sarandë and Gjirokastër.[8] Greek polyphonic groups ca

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Albanian music

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Abuse Reporting Format

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Abuse Reporting Format

The Abuse Reporting Format (ARF) is a standard format for reporting spam via email. History A draft describing a standard format for feedback loop (FBL) reports was posted by Yakov Shafranovich in April 2005[1] and evolved to the current RFC 5965.[2] AOL, who pioneered the field in 2003, initially used a different format, and converted to this de facto standard in 2008.[3] Feedback loops don't have to use ARF, but most do. In January 2010, the IETF chartered[4] a new working group working towards the goal of standardizing the ARF format. The WG was called Messaging Abuse Reporting Format WG or MARF, which produced RFC 5965. In 2012 it was extended by RFC 6591 and RFC 6692 to define Failure Reports, for reporting email authentication failures. In 2015, the latter report type was further extended by RFC 7489 to define DMARC's Forensic Reports. Purpose The ARF format is designed to be extensible, providing for generic spam reporting, e.g. from users to some anti-spam center or help desk, or for opt-out oper

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Anti-spam

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Email

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Spamming

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Dia:Beacon

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Dia:Beacon

Dia:Beacon, Riggio Galleries is the museum for the Dia Art Foundation's collection of art from the 1960s to the present. The museum, which opened in 2003, is situated on the banks of the Hudson River in Beacon, New York. Dia:Beacon occupies a former Nabisco box-printing facility that was renovated by Dia with artist Robert Irwin and architects Alan Koch, Lyn Rice, Galia Solomonoff, and Linda Taalman, then of OpenOffice. Along with Dia's permanent collection, Dia:Beacon also presents temporary exhibitions, as well as public programs designed to complement the collection and exhibitions, including monthly Gallery Talks, Merce Cunningham Dance Company Events, Community Free Days for neighboring counties, and an education program that serves area students at all levels. With 160,000 square feet (15,000 m2),[2] it is one of the largest exhibition spaces in the country for modern and contemporary art. Overview Dia pioneered the conversion of industrial buildings for the installation of contemporary art, a practic

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Started in 2003 in New York (state)

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Art museums in New York (state)

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Industrial buildings and structures on the Nati...

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Motion JPEG

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Motion JPEG

In multimedia, Motion JPEG (M-JPEG or MJPEG) is a video compression format in which each video frame or interlaced field of a digital video sequence is compressed separately as a JPEG image. Originally developed for multimedia PC applications, M-JPEG is now used by video-capture devices such as digital cameras, IP cameras, and webcams, as well as by non-linear video editing systems. It is natively supported by the QuickTime Player, the PlayStation console, and web browsers such as Safari, Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox and Microsoft Edge. Unlike e.g. Motion JPEG 2000 (and common video formats) that permits the carriage of audio, the older (and incompatible with) Motion JPEG doesn't code any audio, as it's simply a concatenation of still JPEG frames.[1] In a suitable container format, e.g. AVI, audio can however be provided. History MJPEG was first used by the QuickTime Player in the mid-1990s. Applications Software and devices using the M-JPEG standard include web browsers, media players, game consoles,

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Learning object metadata

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Learning object metadata

A schematic representation of the hierarchy of elements in the LOM data model Learning Object Metadata is a data model, usually encoded in XML, used to describe a learning object and similar digital resources used to support learning. The purpose of learning object metadata is to support the reusability of learning objects, to aid discoverability, and to facilitate their interoperability, usually in the context of online learning management systems (LMS). The IEEE 1484.12.1 – 2002 Standard for Learning Object Metadata is an internationally recognised open standard (published by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Standards Association, New York) for the description of “learning objects”. Relevant attributes of learning objects to be described include: type of object; author; owner; terms of distribution; format; and pedagogical attributes, such as teaching or interaction style. IEEE 1484.12.1 – 2002 Standard for Learning Object Metadata In brief The IEEE working group that developed the

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Library science

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Leyland DAF

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Leyland DAF

Leyland DAF was a commercial vehicle manufacturing company based in Leyland, United Kingdom, and a subsidiary of DAF NV. In February 1993, Leyland DAF was placed into receivership. History Leyland DAF was formed in February 1987, when the Leyland Trucks division, including the Freight Rover van making interests, of the British Rover Group merged with the Dutch DAF Trucks company to form DAF NV which was owned by DAF Beheer (60%) and Rover Group (40%).[1][2] In June 1989, it was floated on the Dutch and London Stock Exchanges.[3][4] The new company traded as Leyland DAF in the United Kingdom, and as DAF elsewhere. The company manufactured trucks at its plants in Leyland, England and Eindhoven, the Netherlands, and vans at its Birmingham plant in the England. Following the insolvency of DAF NV in February 1993, Leyland DAF went into receivership. Four new companies emerged from it as management buyouts:[5] LDV Group as a van manufacturer based in Birmingham. Multipart Solutions, which was formed out of

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Started in 1987 in the Netherlands

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Manufacturing companies ended in 1993

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Vehicle manufacturing companies started in 1987

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AppleSingle and AppleDouble formats

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AppleSingle and AppleDouble formats

AppleSingle Format and AppleDouble Format are file formats developed by Apple Computer to store Mac OS "dual-forked" files on the Unix filesystem being used in A/UX, the Macintosh platform's first Unix-like operating system. AppleSingle combined both file forks and the related Finder meta-file information into a single file, whereas AppleDouble stored them as two separate files. Support for the formats was later added to Unix software such as NFS and MAE, but they saw little use outside this small market. AppleSingle is similar in concept to the more popular MacBinary format, in that the resource and data forks are combined together with a header containing the Finder information. In fact, the format is so similar, it seemed there were no reason why Apple did not simply use MacBinary instead, which by that point, was widely known and used. Some not-so-obvious reasons are explained in an Internet Draft.[1] The format was later assigned the MIME type application/applefile. AppleDouble leaves the data fork in

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Apple Inc. software

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Ned Freed

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Ned Freed

Ned Freed has contributed as an IETF participant and RFC writer to a significant number of internet protocol standards. Life Edwin Earl "Ned" Freed was born in 1959 in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. He graduated from Groton School in 1978. He was awarded a Bachelor of Science degree in Engineering from Harvey Mudd College in 1982. After College he set up a company, Innosoft, with Kevin Carosso and Daniel Newman, working on PMDF messaging systems on DEC VAX systems. By 1993 he was involved in the MIME standard RFC1341.[1] From 1998 to 2000 he served as a member of the Internet Architecture Board. He then served on the Internet Engineering Steering Group from 2000 to 2004. He currently works for Oracle Corporation as a Senior Principal Engineer. Ned has served as the IANA Media Types reviewer since 2000. Contributions Co-chair, dmarc, Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting & Conformance. IETF working group, Applications area. Co-chair, imapmove, IMAP MOVE extension. IETF working group, Applicati

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Groton School alumni

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Harvey Mudd College alumni

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Push Proxy Gateway

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Push Proxy Gateway

WAP Push Process A Push Proxy Gateway is a component of WAP Gateways that pushes URL notifications to mobile handsets. Notifications typically include MMS, email, IM, ringtone downloads, and new device firmware notifications. Most notifications will have an audible alert to the user of the device. The notification will typically be a text string with a URL link. Note that only a notification is pushed to the device; the device must do something with the notification in order to download or view the content associated with it. Technical specifications PUSH to PPG A push message is sent as an HTTP POST to the Push Proxy Gateway. The POST will be a multipart XML document, with the first part being the PAP (Push Access Protocol) Section and the second part being either a Service Indication or a Service Loading. +---------------------------------------------+ | HTTP POST | \ +---------------------------------------------+ | WAP | PAP XML | | PUSH +---------------------------------------------+ | Flow | Servic

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Push technology

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Mobile technology

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JSON-WSP

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JSON-WSP

This article is on hold (will be deleted), perhaps you are searching for JSON-RPC or JSON Schema. JSON-WSP (JavaScript Object Notation Web-Service Protocol) is a web-service protocol that uses JSON[1] for service description, requests and responses. It is inspired from JSON-RPC, but the lack of a service description specification with documentation in JSON-RPC sparked the design of JSON-WSP. The description format has the same purpose for JSON-WSP as WSDL has for SOAP or IDL for CORBA, which is to describe the types and methods used in a given service. It also describes inter-type relations (i.e. nested types) and defines which types are expected as method arguments and which types the user can expect to receive as method return values. Finally the description opens the possibility to add documentation on service, method, parameter and return levels. Communication between clients and a JSON-WSP server is carried out using HTTP POST[2] requests and responses, with the JSON objects as data with the content-ty

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Web service specifications

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Remote procedure call

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XML-binary Optimized Packaging

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XML-binary Optimized Packaging

XML-binary Optimized Packaging (XOP) is a mechanism defined for the serialization of XML Information Sets (infosets) that contain binary data, as well as deserialization back into the XML Information Set. Benefits XOP allows the binary data part of an XML Infoset to be serialized without going through the XML serializer. The XML serialization of an XML Infoset is text based, so any binary data will need to be encoded using base64. Using XOP avoids this by extracting the binary data out of the XML Infoset so that the XML Infoset does not contain binary data and the binary data can be serialized differently. Therefore, XOP can reduce the size of the serialization (since base64 encoding has approximately a 33% size overhead) and (depending on how it is implemented) might allow processing efficiencies. This size increase results in extra resources needed to transmit or store the data. Costs XOP introduces another level of processing. Therefore, it introduces extra complexity and processing overheads. The re

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Ptolemy

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Ptolemy

Claudius Ptolemy (Koinē Greek: Κλαύδιος Πτολεμαῖος, Klaúdios Ptolemaîos ; Latin: Claudius Ptolemaeus; c. AD 100 – c. 170)[2] was a mathematician, astronomer, geographer and astrologer. He lived in the city of Alexandria in the Roman province of Egypt, under the rule of the Roman Empire,[3] had a Latin name, which several historians have taken to imply he was also a Roman citizen,[4] cited Greek philosophers, and used Babylonian observations and Babylonian lunar theory. The 14th-century astronomer Theodore Meliteniotes gave his birthplace as the prominent Greek city Ptolemais Hermiou (Greek: Πτολεμαΐς ‘Ερμείου) in the Thebaid (Greek: Θηβαΐδα [Θηβαΐς]). This attestation is quite late, however, and there is no other evidence to confirm or contradict it.[5] He died in Alexandria around AD 168.[6] Ptolemy wrote several scientific treatises, three of which were of importance to later Byzantine, Islamic and Western European science. The first is the astronomical treatise now known as the Almagest, although it was o

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2nd-century Egyptian people

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Chadwick International

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Chadwick International

Chadwick International (Korean: 채드윅송도국제학교)[1] is a PK-12,[2] coeducational, nonsectarian, non-profit, independent, day school located in the Songdo International City, Republic of Korea.[3] The curriculum is based on IB program and received PYP, MYP, DP, and CP accreditations. It is currently run by the Roessler-Chadwick Foundation and named after Chadwick School in Palos Verdes, California in the United States of America. History Chadwick International was created with a 150 billion won (135 million USD) investment by the Incheon Metropolitan City government[4] as part of the $40+ billion Songdo International Business District. Extracurricular Activities Athletics Chadwick International participates in KAIAC and KISAC sports leagues[5] Outdoor Education Chadwick International has also begun an outdoor education program like its parent school.[6] Year Location(s) Length Notes 8th Grade Bangtaesan National Natural Recreation Forest 5 days Base camp trip 9th Grade Namhae Island 5 days Mu

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South Korea articles missing geocoordinate data

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American international schools in South Korea

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International Baccalaureate schools in South Korea

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TeXShop

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TeXShop

TeXShop is a free LaTeX and TeX editor and previewer for macOS. It is licensed under the GNU GPL. It was developed by the American mathematician Richard Koch. TeXShop was modeled on NeXTstep's bundled TeXview.app and developed for the then new macOS user interface Aqua and capitalized on the native PDF support of that version of the Macintosh operating system,[1] which was itself based on NeXTstep's successor OpenStep. Mitsuhiro Shishikura added a Macro editor, a magnifying glass for the preview window, and the ability to transfer mathematical expressions directly into Keynote presentations. Lacking the TeX eq -> eps Service which TeXview afforded, other apps such as LaTeXiT.app were developed to provide Service support. TeXShop requires an existing TeX installation and is currently bundled with the MacTeX distribution. The program (then version 1.19) won the 2002 Apple Design Award of Best Mac Open Source Port[2] for its capability to display scientific and technical documents created in TeX format. In fac

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MacOS-only free software

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MacOS text editors

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Return receipt

topic

Return receipt

In email, a return receipt is an acknowledgment by the recipient's email client to the sender of receipt of an email message. What acknowledgment, if any, is sent by the recipient to the sender is dependent on the email software of the recipient. Two notification services are available for email: delivery status notifications (DSNs) and message disposition notifications (MDNs). Whether or not such an acknowledgement of receipt is sent depends on the configuration of the recipient’s email software. Delivery status notifications DSN is both a service that may optionally be provided by Message Transfer Agents (MTAs) using the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP), or a message format used to return indications of message delivery to the sender of the message. Specifically, the DSN SMTP service is used to request indications of successful delivery or delivery failure (in the DSN format) be returned. Issuance of a DSN upon delivery failure is the default behavior, whereas issuance of a DSN upon successful delive

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Email

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PHPMailer

topic

PHPMailer

Blue arrows can be implemented using SMTP variations. PHPMailer is a code library to send (transport) emails safely [7] and easily via PHP code from a web server (MUA to the MSA server). Sending emails directly by PHP code requires a high-level familiarity to SMTP standard protocol (RFC 821,[8] RFC 2821[9] and RFC 5321[10]) and related issues (such as Carriage return) and vulnerabilities about Email injection for spamming. From 2001 PHPMailer is one of the popular [11][12] solutions for these matters on PHP. Features Partial list of features: Plain text, HTML and multipart batched files SSL and TLS (Secure Sockets Layer and Transport Layer Security) SMTP, Qmail, POP3 Debugging system PHP sendmail and mail methods IDN DKIM History PHPMailer was originally written in 2001 by Brent R. Matzelle as a SourceForge project.[1] Marcus Bointon (coolbru on sourceforge) and Andy Prevost (codeworxtech) took over the project in 2004. Became an Apache incubator project on Google Code in 2010, managed by

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PHP

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Internet mail protocols

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Mojolicious

topic

Mojolicious

Mojolicious is a real-time web application framework, written by Sebastian Riedel, creator of the web application framework Catalyst.[3] Licensed as free software under the Artistic License v 2.0, it is written in the Perl programming language, and is designed for use in both simple and complex web applications, based on Riedel's previous experience developing Catalyst.[4] Documentation for the framework was partly funded by a grant from The Perl Foundation.[5] As it is written in Perl, Mojolicious can run on any of the many operating systems for which Perl is available, and can be installed directly from CPAN.[6] Prebuilt packages of Mojolicious are also available for NetBSD from pkgsrc[7] and for Microsoft Windows and other operating systems from ActiveState's Perl package manager.[8] Features Real-time web framework supporting a simplified single file mode through Mojolicious::Lite.[9] Out-of-the-box support for RESTful routes, plugins, Perl-ish templates, session management, signed cookies, testing

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Web frameworks

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